[1]朱兵.拔罐疗法：亘古与永恒[J].陕西中医药大学学报,2019,(05):001-5.[doi:10.13424/j.cnki.jsctcm.2019.05.001]
　Zhu Bing.Cupping Therapy: Eternity from Ancient Times[J].Journal of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,2019,(05):001-5.[doi:10.13424/j.cnki.jsctcm.2019.05.001]
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拔罐疗法：亘古与永恒 ()
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《陕西中医药大学学报》[ISSN:2096-1340/CN:61-1501/R]

卷:
期数:
2019年05期
页码:
001-5
栏目:
专家论坛
出版日期:
2019-09-16

文章信息/Info

Title:
Cupping Therapy: Eternity from Ancient Times
文章编号:
2096-1340(2019)05-0001-04
作者:
朱兵
（中国中医科学院针灸研究所
Author(s):
Zhu Bing
Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing China, 100700
关键词:
拔罐; 医学史; 体表刺激疗法
Keywords:
cupping;  medical history;  surface stimulating therapy
分类号:
R244.3
DOI:
10.13424/j.cnki.jsctcm.2019.05.001
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
拔罐疗法是最古老的医疗实践技术之一，最早的文字记载出现在公元前 １５５２年的古埃及埃伯斯纸 草书中。古希腊的医者也惯用拔罐疗法，并常常与放血疗法结合使用，希波克拉底是其中的代表人物，对拔罐治 疗的描述最多，介绍最为详尽。古罗马的盖伦也是拔罐疗法的积极倡导者，亲自为病患拔罐治疗。之后拔罐疗 法传入阿拉伯和波斯地区。中国古代典籍中亦称拔罐为角法，马王堆汉墓出土的《五十二病方》中已有关于角 法治病的记录，后世对拔罐所用的器材材质及主治病证不断进行发展和扩大。清代正式提出了沿用至今的“火 罐”一词，近代以来其临床应用不断得到拓宽。作为源于生物本能的体表刺激疗法中的一种，拔罐疗法曾盛行 于其他文明古国，但只有中国将以针灸、推拿、刮痧、拔罐为代表的体表刺激疗法发挥到了极致
Abstract:
Cupping therapy is one of the oldest medical practices and the earliest written records appeared in the ancient Egyptian Ebers Papyrus in 1552 BC. Ancient Greek doctors also used cupping therapy and often used it in combination with bloodletting therapy. Hippocrates is one of the representatives, who had the most descriptive cupping therapy with the most detailed introduction. Galen, an ancient Roman, is also an active advocate of cupping therapy, personally cupping patients for treatment. Cupping therapy was then introduced to the Arab and Persian regions. Ancient Chinese classics also called cupping as the horn method. The “ Formulas for Fifty - two Diseases” unearthed from Mawangdui Han Tomb has recorded the treatment of diseases by the horn method. Later generations continue to develop and expand the materials used for cupping and the main symptoms. In the Qing Dynasty, the term “ cupping jar” was officially put forward, and its clinical application has been continuously expanded in modern times. As one of the biological instinct -based surface stimulating therapies, cupping therapy has prevailed in other ancient civilizations, but only China has used the surface stimulating therapy represented by acupuncture, massage, scraping and cupping to the extreme.

参考文献/References:

[1] Ghalioungui P. The Ebers Papyrus [ M] . Cairo:1987:863-865.
[2] Herodotus. The Histories. [ EB/ OL] . ( 2007 -05 -04) .http: / / www. greekmedicine. net/ therapies/ Hijama _ or _Cupping. html,2007.
[3] Christopoulou - Aletra H, Papavramidou N. Cupping: an alternative surgical procedure used by Hippocratic physicians[ J] . J Alter Comp Med,2008; 14: 899 -902.
[4] Hippocrate. Deuxième livre des maladies, part13, Oeuvres complètes d’ Hippocrate, éd. et trad.émile Littré, vol. 7, Paris. 1839 -1861; P24.
[5] Kouskoukis C, Leider M. Cupping, the art and the value[ J] . Am J Dermatopathol, 1983; 5: 235-9.

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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：２０１９－３－２０ 编辑：杨芳艳）
更新日期/Last Update: 2019-09-15